Polarized relay.



P. RIBBB. PoLARlzBD RELAY. APPLIQATION FILED JAN. 28, 1.909.

918,199. f j Patented Apr.13, 1909.

4 SHEBT-SHEET 1.

THE uoRRls PETER: cal, wAsHmamN, m cA P. RIBBE. POLABIZED RELAY.urmoulon Hmm JAN. 2a. 1909.

918,199. Patented Apr. 13, 1909 4 SHEETS-SHEET 2, V 4? 1H: Nomzls Eriksca., wAsHmcaN, n. c.

P. RIBBB.

PoLARIzBD RELAY.

APPLIUATION FILED JAN. Z8, 1909. i 918, 199. Patented Apr. 13, 1909.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

@www /I i @Zig i y PcuZjEz'Zbe g5-for@ @ya THE NuRRls PETERS co..wAsmNamN. D. c.

P.- RIBBE".

POLARIZED RELAY.

APPLIOATION FILED JAN. 2s. 1909.

Patented Apr. 13, 1909.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

1HE NmaRls Farias co.. wAsHINsToN, n. c.

NITED STA'IS PATENT FFIQE PAUL RIBBE, OF HALENSEE, NEAR BERLIN, GERMANY,ASSIGNOR TO FERN-SCHNELL- SGHREIBER GES. M. B. H., OF BERLIN, GERMANY.

FOLARIZED RELAY.

No. .91s,iee.

Application filed January 28, 1909. Serial No. 474,809.

Mv invention relates to a polarized relay which can be operated bycurrents or impulses of a veryflow pressure, such as from 105 amperes to10-10 amperes and even,

less. It may be arranged either to momentarily close a secondary circuitor to control effects of light. As many consecutive impulses as from onehundred to several thousand per second can be permitted. to circulate inthe primary circuit for causing the polarized relay to produce acorresponding number of secondary effects per second. The polarizedrelay comprises two opposite electromagnetic devices and one commonarmature, which latter is carried by a strong and short leaf spring andis thereby forced into its normal position, while it is exposed to thedifferential action of the two electromagnetic devices inserted in aprimary circuit. The two electromagnetic devices are arranged tonormally both expel the armature for forcing it into its normalposition, so that they can be moved together and leave an eX- tremelysmall space between each of them and the armature. The slightestalterations in the intensity of the fields will then cause the armatureto move in one or the other direction without its motion permitting oneifieldto entirely overbalance the other one, so that the amature isprevented from striking the respective oles. The said short. andpowerful leaf spring is to be without any strain (in the mechanicalsense) when the armature is exactly in the neutral zone of the twofields. In this condition even the most powerful spring must necessarilypossess a certain elasticity, which with a short length and a strongcross section of the leaf spring permits only an exceedingly smalldeflection beyond which it offers so great a resistance as tooounterbalance the overbalance of the respective field and to preventthe armature from flying. Under these circumstances the stroke of thearma ture will be so very slight, that no practical use could be made ofit, however, its motions in consequence of the three forces offered bythe two electromagnetic devices Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented April 13, 1909.

and by the leaf spring will be very energetic. I therefore employ alever transmission for multiplying the stroke of the armature and thusutilizing it. As a lever transmission necessarily involves fulcrums andthe eX- ceedingly small deflection of the leaf spring and consequentlythe very insignificant stroke of the armature forbids the use of pointsor ordinary bearings which would otherwise nearly take up all themovement, I employ very weak leaf springs as fulcrums for a multiplyinglever, which latter I connect by means of a small leaf spring with theupper end of a vertical rod rigidly connected with the armature.

In case the polarized relay is to mechanically close and open asecondary circuit, I employ a new contact device. As, however, with theextremely low strength of the current the metallic contacts, such as foreX- ample platinum on platinum, are apt to cleave to one another and toconsume a high percent-age of the movement of the contact piece, in casea good and energetic contact is to be procured, such metallic contactswould be useless, since the turn of the above mentioned multiplyinglever is but small in spite of the multiplication. I therefore employ inn y new contact device mercury for the stationary contact and a platinumneedle for the movable contact. In opposition to known contact devicesof a similar description I so arrange the platinum needle on themultiplying lever that it does not dip into mercury as usual but onlymomentarily touches the surface of a small semi-globe of mercuryprojecting from a vessel. The semi-globe of' mercury owingl to its smallmass can be placed in an opening of a vertical wall, so that theadvantage is thereby obtained, that the multiplying lever can bedisposed vertically and consequently its center of gravity can be placedin the vertical passing through its fulcrum, which means, that themomentum of the dead masses of all the moved parts is reduced to aminimum.

I will now proceed to describe my invention with reference to theaccompanying drawings, in which Figure l is a vertical longitudinalsection through the polarized relay on the line .Li- Ii in Figs. 2 and1l, a part on the right being shown in elevation, Fig. 2 is a verticalcross section through the same on the line C-D in Fig. l, Fig. 8 is ahorizontal section through the saine on the broken line E-li in Fig. 2,

- Fig. l is a side view of the same, when looked at from rightJ in Fie.

l, Fie'. 5 is a vertical cross section th ougi the line G-i in i, thepermanent horseshoe inagne t being reinoved, Fig. G is a verticalsection through the line l-J in l and shows a 1bracket, Fig. 7 is a partout of 2, freni which the multiplying lever is omitted, Fig. Shorizontal section through the line l T in fiig 7, F ig. 9 is a verticalsection tlir ugh t ie lvl-N in Fig. l, the mercurjir vessel 5 shown inelevation, Fig. l() is a side View bracket near the inerci ry vessel, wlen locke at from right in Fig. l, Fig. l1 is a part ou of Fig. l andshows the supporting leaf spring, the armature and the lever tra isniission, the platiniini needle boing omitted ironi the upper end of themultiplying' lever, F l2 is a side view of the saine and is part out ofFig. 2, Fig. lf3 is a part out of Fig. 1.2 on an enlarged scale andshows the multiplying lever, Fig. le is a part out of Fig. ll on thesaine enlarged scale, Fig. 1 'an view ol the saine, liig. l@ is adetail, which will he referred to later on, and Fig. iows on a mag inedscale the platinum needle and the semi-globe oi" mercury.

Similar characters of reference reier to similar parts throughout theseveral views. On a suitable hase plate l are fastened in the sainevertical central plane two opposite beds 2, 2 F ig. 5), on which vtwocarriages 8, S are in any known manner longitudinally guided, whilether,T he adjusted bj: ineans of two sinall hand-wheels el, e rigidlyconnected with two screw-spindles 5, 5", that are inounted to turn intwo brackets 6, G and i engage in lugs 7, 7 on the carriages 3, 3.

Fig. 6 shows one bracket 6, which is fastened on the hed 2 in a inaniierclearly shown at Fig. l. rllie carriages 3, 3 are each iii-ade in onewith a projection 8 or 8 and serve for supporting tvo opposite permanentlamellar horseshoe magnets 9, 9, which are secured on tlieiii by inea-nsoi cross pieces l0, l0 and screws l, ll. rlie horseshoe inagnets 9, 9are provided with polar pieces l2, 1.3-, 12, 13, on which four coilslll, l5, lll', l5 are placed. The hase plate l carries an insulatingpiece 15, on which four conducters i7, l, with 1oinding posts 1Q, 20,19, 20, 2l, 22 are secured. rhe four coils 14, i5, 15 are to heconnected in series with another and are shown as connected with thebinding posts 19 and 19.

@n the bottoni side of the hase plate l is fastened and insulatedtherefrom a disk 23, in which the shank 2li oi a vise 25 is v iticallvguided and can he adjusted hy nieans of a screw 25, the head oic whichis accessible to screw-driver through a hole 27 and a recess 28 providedin the hase plate. "l'he vise 25 serves for supporting a strong verticalleaiC spring 29, which can be verticall5T adjusted in it by nieans ofscrews 30, 3 A rectangular iraire El (lligs ll a'id 2 of brass or theded, the broad "ottoni section 32 has slit YArzte .ing over iearly nsidewidth of the traine 3l. 47lie i the leaf spring 29 nicelyT lits into indcan he secured in the ira-nie 9, which armature 75 a nuniher of superi"ich can he senieans of screws n q r .55. e6. i.

like screwed into it and l etween the ends.

-asteiied and insuarrL 38, which is prowith two aiins Gn the hase platel f lated tliei'ei'roni a stan( vided about at n 39, 39 and above guidesL10, l0 (Fi 3Q, Z39 cai-rv tw which can he regulatei' wheels 4t2, 42 a.iiiovenient ci the 87. rlie serves for f rilie two ai'ins '1g screws el,ei, h3* inea two screws The slide (Figs. i3 o i5) shawl;v Lent., so thattheir opposite horizontal projections 50 forni the foot oi the arin 50,that can he placed on the free ends of the two narrow and weak leaf'springs 49, Q. A piece et iliin sheet brass or the lil 110 is bent inthree parallel lines so as to forni iii it* lo*` -rt the lower arin cithe nii'iltier 5G, 5i, while the upper part 52 :e resents ah rizontalrecess, iii-to two horizontal nrciectiois 50 of 115 0 and the two leal"l)sprirgs a9, i9 can snuglyT engage course the s i eq ires to he J,rovided with a slot 6) before it Lent, so as to perniit 0 ii 'l 1 alterw 90 ahove inenhreaded and a bent i arri 55 is put over it and can heverticalljT adjusted hv two nuts 56, 5G. rhe free end oi the weak leafspnng 5s' is placed on the 130 v ineaures, they will .have zo depend ipen the circumstances.

in case the polarized relay de-wifilied so is to sirve for closing andopening a secondary circuit, the upper arm may A`e made from a singlealuminium strip doucl bending and adapted to receiv\ in its douhled endplatiinm needle 59 (F i7' which is fastener on it in any Lnown niar1 Theright i'or vertically ad jisted hy a screw l engaging in a slot C 'i Theslide 60 has a horizontal arm. 63, the upper surlace oi which Vlorries aguide for a plate so as to prevent it l'roni tnriiing, it

l i guide ll0 in Figs. l and 8 serves 'from is a henri-ir 56 'for aturnahle mercury vessel 57, which is adapter to turn on a horizontal pinGS fastened in tee hearing 56. It is made conductive. From Fig. l itwill he seen, that the mercury vessel 57 can roch in the longitu Vlinalcentral plane ol t ie relay, in which pl ie also the multiplying lever50, 51 is to r.l f For adjusting the mercury vessel 57 an adjustingscrew 69 is eiiployed,

M. 'which engages nA vertical hrachet il (F l0) made in f one with thehearing 5o and is provided with a .snall Wheel hy me i which it can 1neregulator.. The hrael has a slot 72 in v' engages, it h Y on the hearine end in slot in a stud 744 cury vessel 57. 7 pressing the mercuryvescei 67 in Fig. l and the adiusting screw 3 serves l'or 59 i. aciptedto hearon the said vesse rlhis vessel 57 is provided with horizontalnozzle 7V and a nut 76, 1ooth oi' them l Y ahlj sci-erred into it. ilsciev.v 7 the nut 76 and is provided with l 78 hy means ei which it canhe regulated. The

i halt nozzle 7 5 has a very line here, one el a niilliiiie'er diameter.The vessel 6. is to he cornnletely Vlill d up with mercury and the screw77 is oy its Wheel 78 so tui-net as to force the mercuryT so much out olthe vessel 67, that Serri-globe 86 oi" mercury `iust projects from theouter end oi the nozzle (lig. e

17). By regulating the adjustin screv: 77 a stronger or weaker curvaturecan he given to the semi Olobe of mercur i. The

l C n .L l n bracket 71 is provided with a binding post guiding a li leGO (Fig. 9), which can he them, as is shown 79, which is shown hindi-ngpost 2O as connected with the hy ai insulated conductor ,3 Ll). Thestandard 3S is provided with a hinoiie post 8l 2), which is shown ii theh'nding pest il S and a mam oi' rays oi light may he sent i'orivardthrough its lens S5 (Fig. il?) and the locus may he iornially in thecenter the i i end otl the arm dotted lines in i in lig. 1i' l liarenotshown the optical devi(l as it is innnaterial to my invention.

rlhe polarized relay operates as tollen' The tivo permanent horseshoemagnets 9 and 9 are in a liiown manner so arranged as to hotli repel thearmature and force it into its normal vertical position between t Figs.i. and 3i This i permits the tivo horseshoe magnets 9, 9 to o g fastenedhy a screw 65. Fastened on the -olate 6d and insulated therehe movedtogether so near the armature 35, as to leave hut a very sl ght space(for eX- aniple halt a millimeter) ietiveen the armature 35 and thepolar -iieces i2, 13 and l?, 13. The four coils l5, le, le, 15',connected with the respective primary circuit of any kind hy means etthe tv-.f'o outer hinding pests 21 :3nd 21, are in a linoivn manner soWound, to enahle them to produce a diilerential action upon the armature35, When impulses circulate in the piimaiy circuit, so that the armaturecan he moved in either direction. The vise 25 is vertically so adjustedfor lengtlien'ng or shortening the free length oi the leal 'pring 29 toenable the latter to exert a sullicient pressure lor Lneventiiig the arirature 55 from striking and hearing on tle respective polar pieces Whenattracted. The tive adjusting screws all, 4l are by means olI theirwheels adjusted for limiting the movement rod 37 as may he desired. ai

e n 0 the motion to a minimum. The tivo leal' springs 49, 4Q carrjingtrie multiplying lever 50, 5l render it possible to tnnser the e1'-tremely small moven'ient et the rod 37 and the arm 55 to the upper endof the arm 50 without any loss nfliile at the saine time multiplying it,so that the upper end can make a movement through a distance of say fromone to tWo millimeters or therealoout. rllhe several parts of the levertransmission from the supporting leaf spring 29 upward to the multipying lever should oe so made, that the arm 5G is rocked once only forevery impulse circulating in the primary circuit. lll/ hen the relay isWanted lor closing and opening a secondary circuit, the mercury vessel67 with the parts therewith connected Will have to he put on, While theupper arm 5() of the multiplying lever 50, 5]. requires to have theplatinum. needle These parts will then be connected with the respectivesecondary circuit ot any hind 'oy the two outer binding posts 22 and 22.Each time When an impulse circulates in the primary circuit the upperarm 50 Will make one movement in the resi'iective direction, so that itsplatinum needle can momentarily touch the surface of the semi-globe 86of mercury for closing the secondary circuit. This polarized relayproves to he exceedingly sensitive, so that very many consecutiveimpulses, say from one hundred to several thousand and more per second,can circulate in the primary circuit for producing as many impulses inthe secondary circuit. It is essential to malte the parts ci the levertransmission very light anc to reduce the momentum ot' their movingmasses to a minimum for rendering the relay capable ol operatingrapidly. For this reason the semi-globe 8o ot mercury projecting from ahorizontal nozzle is very useful in combination with the verticalmultiplying' lever 50, 51. rThe exceedingly small strole of the armature35 enables it to reciprocate most rapidly in response to the rapidly`following impulses in the primary circuit.

Vllhcn the relay is Wanted for controlling rays of light with the aidoptical devices, movable mirrors etc., the mercury vessel 67 and theparts tl'ierewith connected need not be employed, While the platinumneedle 59 on the arm 50 is dispensed with, as is shown at Figs. 13 and14.-. The during the operation or' the polarized relay the upp end ofthe arm 50 Will momentarily permit` the rays of light passing from somesource through the hole to pass on once for every impulse in the primaryThe polarized relay described can e y ried in many res per ls vf'ithoutdeparting from the spiriu ot my in i i n, and l iY 'l desire it to heunderstood, that l d i myself to the details oi the Constr shown anddescribed.

The tvro opposite ermanent horseshoe magnets and the tour coils may loereplaced Aby t vo opposite electromagnets ct any lmoivn constructionproducing a similar differential action upon the armature. Yi/vvlhere sopreferred, the arm 55 may he omitted and the leal spring 5e may beconnected direct With the upper end ciales of the rod 37 in any knownmanner, in Which case the vertical multiplying lever 50, 51 requires toloe shifted to the lett in Fig. l, so that the airis or" the rod 37passes through Jthe screw 58 (Fig. 14) or its equivalent.

l claim:

l. ln a polarized relay of the class descrihed, the combination With aframe, of a leaf spring secured in said traine, an armature carried laysaid leale spring and thereby forced into its normal position, tivoopposite electromagnetic devices carried hy said trame and adapted tolie inserted in a circuit for producing a diilierential action on saidarmature, a rod connecter with said armature and lartalring in itsmovement, a multiplying lever, leat' springs secured at one end in'saidframe and rigidly connected at the other end with said multiplying leverWhile serving as its fulcrum, and a lealC spring connecting saidmultiplying lever with the tree end of said rod, the tree end of saidmultiplying lever 1seing adapted `on lacing moved to close a secondarycircuit.

2. ln a polarized relay of the class described, the combination With atrame, ot' a vertical leaf spring secured in said frame, an armaturecarried hy said vertical leaf spring and thereby lorced into its normalposition, tivo opposite electromagnetic devices carried by said frameand adapted to be insorted in a circuit for producing a difierentialaction on said armature, a vertical rod onnectod With said armature andpartalring in its movement, vertical multiplying lever, horizontal leallsprings secured at one end in said frame and rigidly connected at theother end with said vertical multiplying lever While serving as itstulcrum, and a horizontal leal spring connecting said multiplving leverwith the tree end oi said vertical rod, the tree end or" saidmultiplying lever heing adapted on being moved to close a secondarycircuit.

ln a polarized relay of the class dcscrioed, the combination with atrame, oi a vertical lea" spring secured with its loiver end in saidframe, an armature supported said vertical leara spring and therebyforced into its normal position, tvvo opposite electromagnetic devicescarried lay said traine and adapteiil to he inserted in a circuit t'orproducing differential action on said armature, a vertical rod supportedby said armature and partaling in its movement, a vertical multiplyinglever, horizontal leaf springs secured at one end in said trame andrigidly coi f .ted at the other end With said multiplying vertical leverWhile serving as its tulcruni, and a norizontal leaf spring Uri ll O

scribed, the combination With a frame, ol a vertical leaf spring securedin said frame and insulated therelron an armature carried by saidvertical leal' spring and thereby forced into its normal position, twoopposite electromagnetic devices carried by said fra-me and adapted tobe inserted in a prima-ry circuit for producing a differential action onsaid armature, a vertical rod connected with said armature andpartalring in its movement, an insulated part fastened on said frame, avertical multiplying lever provided at its 'l'rec end i li a platinumneedle, horizontal leal sjirings secured atone end in said insulatedpart and ii illy connected at tlie other ond with said verticamultiplying lever While serving as its lulcrum, a horizontal leaf springconnecting said multiplying lever with the free end. oli' said verticalrod, a closed conduct-ivo on said insulated part and insulatecI therironi and adapted to be filled up with mercury, a horizontal nozzle witha ne bore on said conductive vessel in line With said platinum needle,and a regulating screv;v engaging in said conductive vessel and adaptedto cause a line semi-globe ol mercury to project l'rom the end ol' saidhorizontal nozzle While adjusting the. curvature olx this semiglobe,said insulated part and said conductive vessel being adapted to beinserted in a. secondary circuit, and said multiplying lever beingadapted on being moved to momentarily close the secondary circuit by itsplatinum needle touching the. semi-globe ol' niercury.

5. ln a polarized relay ol' the class de.- scribed, the combination Witha frame, oi' a vertical leal spring secured ,vitli its lower end in said'lrane and insulated therefrom, an armature supported by seid verticalleal' spring and thereby forced into it normal position, tivo oppositeelectr, 'etic dcvices carried by said frame and adapted to be insertedin a primary circuit for producing a dill reutial action on saidarmature, vertical rod supported by said armature and partal/zing in itsmovement, insulated part `fastened on said trame, a. verticalmultiplying lever provided its upper free end With a platinum needle,luz-rizcntal leaf springs secured. at end in said insulated part andrigidly connected at the other' end with said vertical multiplying leverWhile serving as its fulcrum, a horizontal leaf spring connecting saidmultiplying lever With the upper free end of said vertical rod, a closedconductive vessel on said insulated part and insulated therefrom andadapted to be filled up with mercury, a horizontal nozzle With a 'linebore on said conductive vessel in line with said platinum needle, and aregulating screw cngaging in said conductive vessel and adapted to causea fine semi-globe of' mercury to project from the end of' saidhorizontal nozzle While adjusting the curvature of this semiglobe, saidinsulated part and said conductive vessel being adapted to be insertedin a secondary circuit, and said multiplying lever being adapted onbeing moved to momentarily close the secondary circuit by its platinumneedle touching the semi-globe of'mercury.

G. ln a polarized relay ol' the class described, the combination with aframe, of a leal spring adjustably secured in said frame, an armaturecarried by said lea-l spring and thereby forced into its normalposition, two opposite electromagnetic devices adjustable on said frameand adapted to be inserted in a circuit for producing a differentialaction on said armature, a rod connected with said armature andpartaliing in its movement, means lor adjustingthe turn ol' said rod, amultiplying lever, leal` springs secured at one end in said frame andrigidly connected at the other end with said multiplying` lever Whileserving as its lulcrum, and a leal spring connecting said multiplyinglever with the free end of said rod, the free end of said multiplyinglever being adapted on being moved to close a secondar f* circuit.

7. In a polarized relay of the class described, the combination With aframe, of a vertical leaf spring adjustably secured in said frame, anarmature carried by said vertical leaf spring and thereby forced intoits normal position, .two opposite electromagnetic devices adjustable onsaid frame and adapted to be inserted in a circuit for producing adifferential action on said armature, a vertical rod connected with saidarmature and partaking in its movement, means for adjusting the turn ofsaid rod, a vertical multiplying lever, horizontal leaf springs secured.at one end in said frame and rigidly connected at the other end withsaid vertical multiplying lever While serving as its fulcrum, and ahorizontal leaf spring connecting said multiplyin g lever with the freeend of said vertical rod, the free end of said multiplying lever beingadapted on being moved to close a secondary circuit.

8. lin a polarized relay of the class described, the combination with aframe, of a vertical leaf spring adjustably secured With its lower endin said frame, an armature supported by said vertical leaf spring andthereby forced into its normal position, two opposite electromagneticdevices adjustable on said frame and adapted to be inserted in a circuitfor producing a differential action on said armature, a vertical rodsupported by said armature and partalring in its movement, means foradjusting the turn of said vertical rod, a vertical multiplying lever,horizontal leaf springs'secured at one end in said frame and rigidlyconnected at the other end with said vertical multiplying lever Whileserving as its fulcrum, and a horizontal leaf spring connecting saidmultiplying lever l l) t) llO With the free end of said vertical rod,the free end of said multiplying lever being adapted on being moved toclose a secondary circuit.

9. ln. a polarized relay of the class described, the combination With aframe, of a vertical leaf spring adj ustab ly secured said frame andinsulated therefrom, an armature carried by said vertical leaf springand thereby forced into its normal position, two oppositeelectromagnetic devices adjustable on said frame and adapted to beinserted in a primary circuit for produchig a difierential action onsaid armature, a vertical rod connected With said ar nature andpartalring in its movement, an insulated part fastened on said frame,means on said insulated part lor adjusting the turn of said verticalrod, a vertical multiplying lever provided at its free end With aplatinum needle, horizontal leaf springs secured at one end in saidinsulated part and rigidly connected at the other end With said verticalmultiplying lever While serving as its fulcruin, a horizontal leafspring connecting said multiplying lever With the free end oi saidvertical rod, a closed conductive vessel adjustable on said insulatedpart and insulated therefrom and adapted to be filled up with mercury, ali rizontal nozzle with a line bore on said conductive vessel in lineWith said platinum needle, and a regulating screw engaging in saidconductive vessel and adapted to cause a fine semi-globe of mercury toproject from the end of said horizontal nozzle While adjusting thecurvature of this semi-globe, said insulated part and said conductivevessel being adapted to be inserted in a secondary circuit, and saidmultiplying lever benig adapted on being moved to momentarily close thesecondary circuit by its platinum needle touching the semiglobe ofmercury.

l0. ln a pol-rized relay of the class described, the combiiiation With aframe, of a vertical leaf spring adjustably secured i vith its lower endin said frame and insulated therefrom, an armature sunported by saidvertical leaf spring and thereby forced into its normal position, tivoopposite electromagneic devices adjustable on said frame and adapted tobe inserted in a primary circuit for producing a diiferential action onsaid armature, vertical rod supported by said armature and partalring inits movew ment, an insulated part fastened on said frame, means on saidinsulated part for adjusting the turn of said vertical rod, a verticalmultiplying lever provided at its upper free end with a platinum needle,horizontal leaf springs secured at one end in said insulated part andrigidly connected at the other end i-,vitli said vertical multiplying`lever While serving as its fulcrum, a horizontal leaf spring connectingsaid multiplying lever With the free end of ciales said vertical rod, aclosed conductive vessel adjustable on said insulated part and insulatedtherefrom and adapted to be filled up with mercury, a horizontal nozzleWith a line bore on s id conductive vessel in line with said pla inumneedle, and regulating screw engaging in said conductive vessel andadapted to canse a `line semi-globe of inercury to project fron'itlieend of said li rizontal nozzle While adjusting the curvat re of thissemi-globe, sa nsulated part and said conductive vessel seing adapted tobe inserted in a secondary circuit, and said multiplying lever beingadapted on being moved to inonientarily close the secondary circuit byits platinum needle touching the semi-globe of mercury.

ll. ln a polarized relay, the combination with a frame, of a closedconductive vessel adjustable on said i; aine and insulated therefrom andadapted to be 'filled up with niercury, horizontal nozzle with a 'i iebore on said conductive vessel, a regulating screw engaging in said conluctive vessel and adapted to cause a fin semi-globe ol mercury toproject from the end ol said. horizontal nozzle Wliile adjusting thecurvature of this semiglobe, an insulated part fastened on said frame, alever fulciuined in said insulated part and carrying e platinum needleadapted D to momentarily touch the surface of said emi-globe of mercury,and means adapted to be operated l primary circuit for reciprocatingsaid le t er, said insulated part and said conductive vessel bei adaptedrto be l2. Vln a polarized relay ot the scribed, the combination With afr vertical leal' and thereby forced into its norm ll position, tivoopposite permanent horseshoe magnets ivitli polar pieces carried by saidframe and adapted to both expel said armature for forcing it into itsnormal position, four coils on the polar pieces of permanent horseshoemagnets and llante-d o be inserted in a circuit for pr ducingcilicrential action on said armature, a vertical ron connected 1ivitli s`id armature and partalring in its move ent, a vertical multiplyinglever, horizonl leaf springs secured at one end in said ivaine andrigidly connected at the other end vvitiA said vertical multiplyinglever While ordres a rod supported by suld ermeture (und ing in itsmovement, vertieel mul il lever, ho izontel les" springs end in seidtreme end rigidi c the other end with seid vegti el lever While serving,es its l'ulei d e horizontal leal' spring connecting multiplying leverwith the tree end ol se'd vertical i ly ng lever i ri secured et oneonneeted st multiplying rod, the Vtree nd oi seid multip being adaptedon being moverL to Close e ser?- ondery circuit.

14. ln polarized relay ol the ele-ss described, the Combination with l1u vertical leal spring secured in seid treme insulate-d therefrom enarme-ture eerried bv seid vertical leer' spriig end there j int itsnormel position, two opposite Apermanent horseshoe magnets with polarpieces ierried by seid Vironie sind adapted to both expel seid armature'for 'forcing it into its normal position, 'lour oeils on the polarpieces ol seid permanent horseshoe magnets and adapted to be inserted inai, primary circuit for producing e differential eetion on seidermeture, vetieel rod conn Otel with seid armature end psrteling in itsmovement, en insulsteril 'hert fastened on seid treme, :i vertioelmultipljing lever provided et its 'free end Vith pletinuih needle, hor'Jortol loef et one end in sei springs seemed i part end rigidlyConnected @h with said vertical multiplyin serving its l'rlerum,horizontal lealV spru Connecting multiplying lever with the lree end ol'sei( vertical rod, e Closed oonduetive vessel on insulsted port andinsulated tierefror A id adapted to be filled up f with mercury, eiorizontel nozzle vf'i'th e 'line More or sei( eonduetive vessel in linewith l y i zm needle, und e regulating screw bzh C in seid Conductivevessel ergd adopted to oir-use e tine emi-globe of mers i to projectl'rorn the edd ol seid horiz ,ntrtl nozzle While e ljusti thissemi-globe, se d ins' lated part end sz.- eonduotive vessel beingadapted to be s serted s, seconde-ry cireuit, end seid multiply'ug leverbeing adapted on beine' moved to momentarily close the seconda-ryeireuit by its `plrttiimn needle touching the semiglebe of mercury.V

l5. ln polarized relay ol' the oless described, the combination With elrzirne, ol' e vertioel leef sp1' g secured with its lower end in seidl'rume end insulated therelronl, en ermeture supported by vertice-l leefs ring end thereby forced into its normal position, two oppositepermanent horseshoe magnets :use

ng the curvature or" L With polar pieces Cerri d by seit renie undadapted to both expel seid sture for to its nori isi position, l'ourcoils @nent horsepieces ol ts :rnd iserted in lor i ever provith1fret-intim s seeured et one rigidly ronu'ith seid ,fertieel serving itslullealsu "ing connecting seid y" iiper l'reo end ol conductive vesselinsulated theree tilled up `with mervfith e bore on line with sourdplatitP-e sereiv enge png *l end adopted to e ol' mereury to profe lnozzle Whire is semi-globo, i l eend active vesinserted in :tser-ondomenterilv connected v: iu its movement, ruf s 'lor eejrst ,rdrod, s vez' tir/:il multi" i V sp "ings secured rrn f end rigidly ooieoer with seid l multi While serving es its luier-uni, end tel leefspring eonneeting seid i tiplying lever -with the free end of ssi(vertical rod, the free end olVl seid multiplying lever being` adapted onbeing moved to Close e secondary eireuit.

17. ln e polarized relay ol the class described, the combination Vith efreine, of e vertier-.l leaf spring edjustably secured with its lowerend in seid treme, en armature supported by seid vertical leal! sprino'and thereby forced into its normal position, two oppoio rizonsitepermanent horseshoe magnets with nerinenent horseshoe magnets Iand sdsnth' loe insu e circuit for producing s, iilie entinl seid aineture, sverti rod seid ernia-ture und nurteliing supp or tec in its seid freineund rigidly connected s end ivitn seid vertice-l inultiplf'ing Whileserving its i'ulcruin, end e hori leef spring connecting seidinultiplyin With the tree end of seid v ti-cul rod, tn

scribed, the combination with n freine, o; e vertical lestl springsdiustsloly secured in seid freine end insulated tl "einroni, nieturecarried 1oy said vertical s -and thereby forced into its norinel pos twoopposite permanent horseshoe inegnets With polar nieces udnists-lile onseid reine end adapted to both expel seid ernia-ture for forcing it intoits norinsl `position, tour coils on the polsi pieces of seidserine-nent horseslice magnets end adopted to loe inserted in primer.vcircuit tor producing s diilerentiel action on seid srinsture, avertical rod connected With seid erineture end il'isrteling in its..nioveinent, en insulated part on said freine, ineens on ssid insulatedpart Afor sdjusting the turn oi' seid verticel rod, e, verticalmultiplying lever provided et its free end With a plstinuni needle,iorizontsl leef springs secured st one end in said insulated pert andrigidly connected et the other end With said vertical multiplying leverivliile serving es its fulcruin, s liorizontel lest' spring connectingseid multiplying lever with the free end of seid vertical rod, s closedconductive vessel adjustable on seid insulated part and insulatedtherefrom und adopted to be illed up with mercury, e horizontal nozzleWith e nue bore on seid conductive vessel in line With seid platinumneedle, und s reguleting screvvr enga-ging in seid conductive vessel andadapted to cause a. 'line senil-globe ol mercury to project from the endof said horizontal nozzle Wnile adjusting the curvature of thisse1ni-glol e, seid insulated port and sienes seid conductive vesselhonig adapted to loe inserted in e secondary circuit, and seidniultilnying lever seing adapted on being inoved to inonienterily closetire secondary circuit t' `needle touching the senngloleoiiserc Y, Y I

19. ln. polarized relsy of tlie class described, the conioiation with sframe, of ev vertice. '-istehly secured with its lo v .ine end insulatedthe el e supported by seid and thereby forced into ivo o pposite1permanent f -i nolsr pieces sdiustsdsjoted to both expel ing it intoits norinel position, four coils on he poler pieces of seid permanentliorseslioe insgnets and sdegted to loe inserted in e priinsry circuitfor producing o diileren l so* on seid armature, s vertical rodsupported by seid erineture end Qertslring in its inoveinent, eninsulated part ire-nie, ineens on slid insutsstened on seid lated partfor adjusting the turn of seid vertical rod7 eV vertical multiplyinglever provided et its upper free end with e platinum needle, 1norizoitelleef springs secured et one end in said in ulsted part and rigidlyconnected et the other end With seid vertical multiplying lever Whileserving es its lulcruin, a. horizontal leef spring connect-ing seidmultiplying lever with tne upper free end of seid verticsl rod, e closedconductive vesn sel no iustehle on seid insulated part and in suletedtherefrom end adapted to be lled up with mercury, si horizontal nozzlewith e 'fine bore on seid conductive vessel in line withv seit plstinuinneedle, and e regulatingscrewv engaging in seid conductive vessel andadapted to ceuse e ne semi-globe of Inercury to project ironi the end ofseid horizontel nozzle .fliile adjusting the curvature of thissemi-globe, seid insulated part end seid conductive vessel losingsdapted to he inserted in secondary circuit, and seid inultiplyleverbeing adapted on being nioved to ozi'ientsilly close the secondarycircuit hy illstinuni needle touching the seini-gloloe in ercury.

lll its PAUL RBBE.

"Jilitnesses z HENRY Hiisrnn, WOLDEMAR HAUPT.

